阅读推理题

Here is an example, which I heard at anurses’ convention,of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view ofdoctors. A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St. Peter. Hesees wonderful accommodations, beautiful gardens, sunny weather, and so on.Everyone is very peaceful, polite and friendly until, waiting in a line forlunch, the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat, whorushes to the head of the line, grabs his food and stomps over to a table byhimself. “Who is that?” the new arrival asked St. Peter. “Oh, that’s God,” came the reply, “but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.” 

Q：The joke about doctors implies that, in the eyes of nurses, theyare______.

   [A] impolite to new arrivals

   [B] very conscious of their godlike role

   [C] entitled to some privileges

   [D] very busy even during lunch hours

 

【答案】B

【解析】推理题。考生要根据全文的主旨以及作者的语气，从那个关于医生的笑话里推理医生和上帝有相似的特点：医生无礼、傲慢，自以为像上帝一样。接着再推测护士对医生的看法是：非常在乎自己上帝般的角色。这种推理是一个比较复杂的过程。[B]选项为正确答案。

 

阅读推理题

No clear-cutdistinction can be drawn between professionals and amateurs in science:exceptions can be found to any rule. Nevertheless, the word “amateur” doescarry a connotation that the person concerned is not fully integrated into thescientific community and, in particular, may not fully share its values. Thegrowth of specialisation in the nineteenth century, with its consequentrequirement of a longer, more complex training, implied greater problems foramateur participation in science. The trend was naturally most obvious in thoseareas of science based especially on a mathematical or laboratory training, andcan be illustrated in terms of the development of geology in the UnitedKingdom.     　　

Q：The author writes of the development of geology todemonstrate______.

   [A] the process of specialisation and professionalisation

   [B] the hardship of amateurs in scientific study

   [C] the change of policies in scientific publications

   [D] the discrimination of professionals against amateurs

【答案】A

【解析】推理题。前一段谈到，业余研究者进入专业领域很难的趋势在某些科学领域尤为突出，英国地质学的发展就说明了这一问题。后一段通过对19世纪英国地质学及其出版物的变化、研究方式的变化、非专业人员研究过程的困难等的陈述，说明专业人员和业余人员之间的分化越来越明显。因此可引申推理出作者的写作目的正是描述[A]选项 “职业化和专业化形成的过程”。